Liquid circulating cooling system for internal combustion motors



Dec. 20, 1932. Q 1,891,480

LIQUID CIRCULATING COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed Aug; 9, 1928 I F392 y I INVENTOR Patented Dec. 20, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OSCAR A. ROSS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LIQUID CIRCULATING COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Application filed August 9, 1928. Serial No. 298,435.

temperature for protracted periods.

Another object is to furnish means for preventing circulation of air to the aforesaid calorically insulated receptacle whereby the liquid therein will be prevented from cooling from circulation of foreign air currents therein.

Another object is to furnish a novel system of filling liquid circulating cooling systems.

Another object is to furnish a novel system of control for the movement of a circulating cooling liquid, whereby a comparatively slow movement of said liquid obtains until substantially all the liquid therein has been heated to a desired temperature.

Another object is to furnish a reserve supply of super-heated cooling liquid within a calorically insulated receptacle which may be caused to flow to the liquid circulating jacket of the cylinders prior to initially start ing said motor in cold weather, said reserve supply being automatically restrained to return to said reserve receptacle after the motor is normally operating.

Another object is to furnish a novel form of control for radiator shutters whereby the entire radiator core may be enclosed in a space to prevent rapid cooling thereof in' cold weather.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the description of the invention progresses, and the novel feature of the invention .will be pointed out in the appended claims.

This invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, delineated in the accompanying drawing, and particularly pointed out'in that portion of this instrument wherein patentable novelty is claimed for certain and peculiar features of the apparatus, it being understood that, within the scope of what hereinafter thus is claimed, divers changes in the form, proportions, size and minor details of the structure may be made without departing from the spirit of or sacrificing any of the details of the invention.

In describing the invention in detail, reference is had to the accompanying drawing, wherein I have illustrated embodiments of my invention, and, wherein like characters of reference, designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which Figure l is a part plan part diagrammatic view of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 2 is also an enlarged part plan, part sectional view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. l, and is taken on line 2--2,'of

Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the same taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

' Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, showing applicant's novel system as applied to a motor vehicle 1, having dash 2, hood 3, motor 4 having carbureter 4a and choke valve 4?), and

a radiator unit 5, said radiator unit 5 comprises heat exchange core 6 having liquid inlet 7, connected to motor 4, by hose 8, and outlet connections 9, connected to receptacle or tank 10, by corrugated tubular member 11;

core 6, is surrounded on the top and sides thereof by a radiator frame 12, said frame having space 'therebetween preferably filled with caloric insulating material 14. Said core comprises top tank 15 supporting inlet connection 7 and bottom tank 16 supporting outlet connection 9, any known form of heat radiating section 18 being supported between and in communication With said tanks whereby the liquid entering top tank 15 will flow downwardly through and be cooled in said radiating section 8, thence flowing to bottom tank 16, further movement of said liquid being more fully hereinafter described.

Tank 10 is preferably supported from core 6 by resilient brackets 20-20 and is surrounded by a layer of caloric insulating ma- I terial 21, said tank is divided into two compartments 22 and 23 the larger compartment 22 receiving the cooled liquidfrom tubular member 11 through fitting 24 pivotally supporting plate valve 25 biased to closed position by counter weight 26, said valve acting to permit flow of liquid to compartment 22 but prevent egress therefrom or circulation of air between core 6 and said cgmpartm'ent whereby the liquid therein is prevented from becoming cooled thereby.

Secured to wall 27 forming the division between said compartments, is thermostat member 28, preferably of bi-metallic material, the upper end 29 of which isrigidly secured to said wall, and the lower end 30 of which supports valve 31 arranged to normally close orifice 32 in said wall.

Also formed in wall 27 is a comparatively small orifice 33, normally forming a restricted liquid communication between said compartments.

Secured to the wall 34 of, and extending into compartment 23, is heater 35, arranged to receive energy through a normally controlled switch 36 preferably secured to the dash 2, of the motor vehicle, and circuit closer 105 actuated by thermostat 28.

Secured to the wall 37 of compartment 23 is fitting 38 arranged to support duct, or pipe 39, in the run of which, may be included liquid filler unit 40 having normally restrainedly sealed cover 41.

Also in the run of said duct 39 is valve 42 arranged to permit free flow of liquid from compartment 23 and leakably permitting said liquid to return. to said com artment when the system is inoperative. net 39 terminates in positive feed circulating pump 43 actuated by motor 1, and the outlet end thereof is controlled by valve 44 actuated by rod 45 controlled by primer unit 46 as will be more fully hereinafter described.

The outlet 47 of pump 43 discharges into ducts, or pipes 48-48 terminating in the cooling liquid jacket of cylinder block 49, from whence the liquid, by circulation, rises to manifold 50, passing through connection 8 to radiator core 6. v

Secured jointly to the top and side walls of compartment 22 is filler cap unit 51 having filler cap 52 hinged to the inlet thereof,

' and the outlet end of which is normally closed by valve 53 biased to closed position. by counter-weight 54, said valve acting to form a caloric insulating space of air 55 whereby the liquid in said compartment is restrained from being substantially cooled.

Secured to valve 53 's float member56 acting to seat said valve against entry of liqhaving orifices 62 and 63 therein arranged to receive rods 67-67. Secured within said diaphragms and arranged to form sealed compartments 64 and 65, are disk members 66-66 having pivotally connected thereto rods 6767 arranged to actuate shutters 68-68 and 69-69 through cranks 70-70.

Preferably'supported by the hood board of vehicle 1, is thermos unit, or tank 76 having caloric insulation 77 which may be caloric insulating material or vacuated air, within an outer tank, said tank having an outlet fitting 78 controlled'by valve 79 secured to tubular member 80 actuated by magnet 81, said fitting discharging into duct 82 communicating with the cooling liquid jacket of motor 4 whereby opening of valve 79 will discharge the contents of tank 77 into that portion of the cooling liquid system supported by said motor only as will be more fully hereinafter described.

Positive supply pump 82 having shaft 83 actuated by motor 4 is arranged to exhaust cooling liquid from the portion of the system wherein the hottest liquid circulates, said pump discharging said heated liquid through duct 84 to tank 77 until the level of the liquid therein reaches that indicated by level line 85, whereafter all excess liquid will flow through orifices 86-86 in tubular member to the interior thereof and thence downwardly therethrough to duct 82 returning to the liq- "uid circulating system of the motor, in this manner maintaining a full supply of highly Heated cooling liquid in storage, or reserve tank 77.

Thermos tank 7 7 also supports a heater 87 extending into the liquid contained therein, said heater receiving energy from a source controlled by switch 88 preferably located on the dash 2 of vehicle 1.

Tank 10 may have secured thereto a compartment 90 arranged to support a liquid fuel heater 91 normally allocated against vibration by resilient members 92-92.

The operation of the system is as follows After motor 4 has stopped the cooling liquid within the portion of the cooling liquid circulating system supported thereby will flow by gravity leakably through pump and valve 42 to tank 10, said tank being of sufficient capacity to support all said liquid as well as all of the liquid in thermos tank 77 if such should inadvertently flow thereto during stationary periods of the motor 4, the normal level being indicated by level line 94.

Assume it is desired to initially start motor 4 under abnormally cold condition of atmosphere. The vehicle operator withdraws choke, or priming handle 95 whereupon rod 96 is causeditochoke the carbureter, (4a) in known manner. Simultaneously rod 45 is caused to close valve 44 whereby no liquid can flow from the motor portion of the circulating system to tank 10. Also simultaneous- 1y contact lever 97 establishes an obvious circuit to magnet 81 thereby raising valve 79 whereupon the highly heated liquid in tank 77 will flow to the motor portion. of the system thereby causing heating of the cylinders and adjacent parts associated therewith.

A predetermined time interval after priming handle 95 is withdrawn, the motor 4 is cranked in known manner whereafter said handle is released, and as said motor thereby actuates pump 43, cooling liquid is with drawn from tank 10 passing through ducts 48-48 to the motor 4 and thence through manifold 50 and connection 8 to tank 15 of core 6 when it is distributed to the passages of the radiating section 18 and cooled thereafter passing to tank 16 flowing over diaphragms 5959 and thence through connection 11 into compartment 22 of tank 10.

Assuming that the liquid initially flowing over diaphragms 5959 is sub-normal in temperature, the fluid in chambers 6L and will be contracted sufliciently to move disk member 6666 inwardly whereby shutters 6868 and 6969 will close and substantially seal core 6 against heat loss by contact with atmospheric air currents.

Likewise the subnormal temperature of liquid flowing into compartment 22.will act on thermostat 28 thereby eflecting seal of orifice 32 whereby all the liquid will be restrained to flow through the comparatively small orifice 33, in this manner affording a comparatively small flow of liquid to motor 4 during the starting period thereof.

After the cylinders of said motor have becomenormally heated the aforesaid comparatively small flow of liquid will cause abnormal heatingthereof as it rises in said cylinders, and said abnormally heated liquid flowing into core 6 and onto diaphragms 59-59 will act to expand the fluid in chambers 64 and 65, whereupon disk members 66-66 are restrained outwardly acting to open shutters 6868 and 69-69, this opening being proportional to the desired temperature of the liquid passing over said diaphragm-s and flowing into tank 10. Said heated liquid flowing into compartment 22 also effects movement of thermostat member 28 causing valve 31 to move to the left whereby the comparatively large orifice 32 is opened, and said liquid is free to flow to compartment at substantially the same rate as when flowing into said first named compartment, whereby the liquid levels in both of said compartments will become substantially equal.

If for any reason vehicle 1 has been inoperative for a considerable period, the normally operated switches 36 and 88 may be closed to heat the liquids in tanks 10 and 77 prior to initially starting motor 4.

Float switch 99 secured in compartment 22 is arranged to energize a circuit to indicating lamp 100, preferably located on dash 2,

through contact lever 101 actuated by rod 102 controlled by the ignition switch (not shown) in such a manner that contact lever 101 is closed when the ignition switch is closed to start motor 4. Therefore if the level of the cooling liquid in tank 10 is below a prescribed minimum float switch 99 in its lowered position will establish a circuit to lamp when the ignition switch is closed, in this manner calling the operators attention to the necessity for adding more liquid to the system.

Pump 82 is leakably arranged to return all liquid therein and in pipe 84 to the water jacket of motor 4 and thence to the tank 10 when the motor is at rest.

Whereas applicants novel system has been shown as applied to a motor vehicle of conventional form it is particularly adapted for use on self propelled vehicles traveling on rails, or trackways and wherein one, or more internal combustion motors may be employed as the propelling units.

The system may be equally adapted to internal combustion motors for general utility in the colder climates, as for example when the oil fields of the far north are more fully developed.

What I claim is 1. In combination with an internal combustion motor having a substantially inclosed liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid in the system, a reservoir positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor and the radiator, arranged to receive all the liquid normally circulating in the system, a flexible conduit connecting the radiator and the reservoir for conducting the liquid of the system therebetween, and means for flexibly supporting the reservoir from the radiator body.

2. In combination with an internal combustion motor having a substantially inclosed liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid in the system, a reservoir positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor and the radiator arranged to receive all the liquid normally circulating in the system, a passageway connecting the radiator and the reservoir through which the liquid of the system is arranged to flow, and means normally closing the passageway actuated by the flow of the liquid therethrough arranged to effect opening thereof when the liquid is flowing from the radiator to the reservoir.

3. In combination with an internal combustion motor having a substantially inclosed l'quid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid in the system, a reservoir positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor and the radiator arranged to receive all the liquid normally circulating in the system, a second reservoir positioned whereby liquid will flow by gravity to the portion of the system supported by the motor, means arranged to be energized by operation of the motor for effecting movement of liquid from the system to the last named reservoir for storage therein, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the interior of the system, control means normally affecting closure of the passage whereby no liquid can flow to the system and means for actuating the control means to open the passageway whereby the stored liquid will flow to the system for heating the motor.

4. In combination with an internal combustion motor having a substantially inclosed liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid in the system, a reservoir positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor and the radiator arranged to receive all the liquid normally circulating in the system, a second reservoir positioned whereby liquid will flow by gravity to the portion of the system support ed by the motor, means arranged to be energized by operation of the motor for effecting movement of liquid from the system to the last named reservoir for storage therein, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the interior of the system, control means normally affecting closure of the passage whereby no liquid can flow to the system, means for actuating the control means to open the passageway whereby the stored liquid will flow to the system for heating the motor and means for calorically insulating the last named reservoir whereby the stored liquid therein will not be substantially reduced in temperature by the atmosphere by which it is surrounded.

5. In combination with an internal combustion motor having a substantially inclosed liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid in the system, a reservoir positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor and the radiator arranged to receive all the liquid normally circulating in the system, a second reservoir positioned whereby liquid will flow by gravity to the portion of the system supported by the motor, means arranged to be energized by operation of the motor for effecting movement of liquid from the system to the last named reservoir for storage therein, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the interior of the system, control means normally aflecting closure of the passage whereby no liquid can flow to the system, means for actuating the control means to open the passageway whereby the stored liquid will flow to the system for heating motor, a heater supported by the last named reservoir positioned to heat the stored liquid therein, a source of energy, and means for connecting the source to the heater at will whereby the stored fluid may be heated when and as desired.

6. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator arranged to have the liquid circulated therethrough for the cooling thereof, a reservoir positioned above the highest point of the circulating system of the motor, means actuated b the motor for normally effecting a flow o the liquid from the system to the reservoir for storage therein, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the system, means operable independently of the variation of the level of the liquid in the system for effecting a closure of the passageway whereby the liquid is normally restrained from flowing from the reservoir to the system therethrough, and means controlling the passageway closure means arranged to effect actuation thereof for opening the passageway whereby the stored liquid may be returned to the system.

7. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator arranged to have the liquid circulated therethrough for the cooling thereof, a reservoir positioned above the circulating system of the motor, means actuated by the motor for effecting a flow of the liquid from the system to the reservoir for storage therein, means supported by the reservoir for permitting the excess flow of the liquid to return to the system without restraint upon the liquid reaching a predetermined level in the reservoir, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the system arranged to permit the stored liquid to return to the system, means normally effecting a closure of the passageway whereby the liquid is retained in the reservoir, and means controlling the passageway closure means arranged to effect actuation thereof for opening the passageway whereby Ehe stored liquid will be returned to the sys- 8. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator arranged to have the liquid circulated therethrough for the cooling thereof, a reservoir positioned above the circulating system of the motor, means actuated by the motor for effecting a flow of the liquid from the system to the reservoir for storage therein, a heater supported by the reservoir arranged to have a source of heat supplied thereto, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the system arranged to permit stored liquid to return to the system, means normally effecting a closure of the passageway whereby the liquid is retained within the reservoir, and control means for effecting operation of the closure means to open the passageway for returning the stored liquid to the system upon operation of the control means.

9. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid having the liquid receiving end' thereof communicating with the discharge end of the motor system and the discharge end thereof communicating with the receiving end of-the motor system, a normally open valve arranged to control the flow of the liquid between the discharge end of the radiator and the receiving end of the motor system, a reservoir positioned above the motor system, means actuated by the motor for effecting a flow of the liquid from the system to the reservoir for storage therein, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the motor system for returning the stored liquid to the system, a normally closed valve controlling the flow of the liquid through the passageway, and means jointly controlling the valves for opening the second named valve for draining the stored liquid to the motor system simultaneously with effecting closure of the first named valve to retain the stored liquid in the motor system for heating the motor.

'10. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a substantially vertically disposed radiator core having a reticulated portion arranged to pass. air therethrough for the cooling of the liquid, a reservoir positioned below the radiator core, adjacently the bottom thereof, a conduit connecting the core and the reservoir, a conduit connecting the reservoir and the motor liquid system, a radiator shell member having one portion thereof arranged to surround the core whereby openings are formed rearwardly and forwardly of the reticulated portion thereof, and another portion formed on the shell member arranged to partially surround the reservoir.

11. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a substantially vertically disposed radiator core having a reticulated portion arranged to pass air therethrough for the cooling of the liquid, a reservoir .positioned spacedly below the core positioned adjacently the bottom thereof, a conduit connecting the core and the reservoir, a conduit connecting the reservoir and the motor circulating system, a radiator shell member having one portion thereof arranged to spacedly surround the core Whereby openings are formed rearwardly and forwardly of the reticulated portion thereof, another portion formed on the shell member arranged to spacedly partially surround the reservoir and means resiliently connecting the radiator core and the reservoir whereby the later is flexibly supported with respect to the former.

12. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a substantially enclosed liquid circulating cooling system, of a heat radiator unit included in the system comprising a radiator core ortion arranged to receive the heated liquid ischarged by the motor, a reservoir portion ositioned below the core portion arrange to receive the cooled liquid discharged by the core portion, and a liquid replenishing opening formed in the reservoir portion positioned below the core portion but above the bottom of the reservoir portion.

13. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating system associated therewith, the system including a. heat radiator for cooling the circulating liquid therein, of a heater associated with the system arranged to heat the liquid therein, a source of energy for the heater, and

means affected by the temperature of the liquid for jointly controlling the flow of the energy from the source to the heater and the flow of the liquid in the system.

14. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating system associated therewith, of a heat radiator for cooling the liquid therein, a storage reservoir positioned to drain the liquid therein to the system, means for producing a flow of the liquid from the system to the reservoir, a passageway connecting the reservoir and the system, a valve normally eflecting closure of the passageway, means for actuating the valve to open the passageway, means for priming the motor, and means operated at will for simultaneously effecting operation of the priming means and the valve actuating means whereby the motor will be primed simultaneously with the supply of the stored heated liquid to the system.

15. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating I cooling system associated therewith, of a radiator for cooling the liquid in the system arranged to receive the liquid from the motor into the upper end thereof, a reservoir positioned spacedly below the radiator, a conduit connecting the bottom of the radiator and the top of the reservoir for conducting the liquid therebetween, said conduit being formed as a. flexible bellows diaphragm whereby, the reservoir is flexibly mounted with respect to the radiator.

16. The combination with an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating cooling system associated therewith, of a heat radiator included in the system for cooling the liquid therein, a reservoir positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor system'and the radiator system arranged to receive all the liquid normally circulating in the system, and a liquid filler cap member supported by the reservoir, the filler cap member being positioned below the lowest liquid level of the motor and radiator systems whereby the normal level in the will be restrained to remain therebelow as any replenishing liquid is added to the system through the fil er cap member.

17. A liquid circulating system for interfuel combustion motors comprising, an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating housing for cooling the motor, a heat radiator arranged to receive the heated liquid from the motor housing, a reservoir positioned below the radiator and the motor housing arranged to receive all the liquid when the motor is at rest, the reservoir being arranged to discharge the liquid into the motor housing, a comparatively small Ollfice through which the liquid may freely flow from the reservoir to the housing, a

' comparatively large orifice through which liquid circulating housing, a heat radiator arranged to receive the liquid from the motor housing, a storage reservoirpositioned above the motor housing arranged to drain thereinto, a storage reservoir posit oned below the motor housing arranged to receive all the liquid flowing in the system when the motor is at rest, means effecting a flow of the liquid from the system to the first named reservoir for storage therein during the normal operation of the motor, and means operated at will for eflfecting flow of the stored liquid from the first named reservoir to the motor housing simultaneously with preventing flow thereof from the motor housing to the second named reservoir whereby the motor may be heated by the stored liquid before flowing to the second named reservoir.

19. A liquid circulating system for internal combustion motors comprising, astorage tank portion, a motor portion, an orifice formed therebetween, a valve normally closing the orifice, a heater for heating the liquid in the motor portion, a source of energy arranged to be normally connected thereto, and thermostatic means aflected by variation in temperature of the liquid in the storage tank portion arranged to actuate the valve for opening the orifice and cancel the supply of the energy to the heater upon a predetermined increase in temperature thereof.

20. A liquid circulating system for internal combustion motors comprising, a radiator' portion a motor-portion, a storage reservoir POSltZOIlGd to drain into the motor portion through a pass'ageway,means actuated by the motor for effecting a flow o heated liquid from the s stem-to the reservoir, a valve normally 0 osing the passage way between the reservoir and the motor portion of the system, a normally open valve controlling the return flow of the liquid from the motor portion to the radiator orton, and means for operating both the first named valve to open the passageway for draining the stored liquid from the reser voir to the motor portion and the second named valve to close for preventing the stored liquid to flow from the motor portion to the radiator portion until the motor has been heated thereby.

21. The combination with an internal combustion motor including a liquid circulating cooling system, of a. heat radiator having an air cooled heat radiating core arranged to cool the liquid by movement of air therethrough, an expandible bellows diaphragm having one end thereof hermetically sealed, each end of the diaphragm being rigidly secured to fixed portions of the radiator structure and the exterior of the diaphragm belng exposed to the circulating liquid, a sealing member secured within the diaphragm spacedly between the ends thereof arranged to form an expandible sealed chamber witl1- in the sealed end portion of the diaphragm whereby the sealing member is moved upon change in temperature of the circulating liquid contacting with the exterior of the diaphragm, movableventilators for controlling the flow of the air through the radiator core, the ventilators bein operatively connected to the sealing mem er for effecting movement of the ventilators in response to thermal changes in the circulating liquid flowing through the radiator.

22. A liquid circulating system for internal combustion motors comprising, an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating chamber arranged to cool the cylinders of the motor, a heat radiator connected with the chamber arranged to cool the liquid heated by the cylinders, a reticulated heat radiating core formed on the radiator through which air is moved for cooling the liquid passing therethrough, a reservoir positioned below the core and the motor chamber ar:

ranged to receive all the liquid in the system after the motor has stopped, and a filler passageway connected to the reservoir arranged to supply replenishing liquid to the system, the passageway having a replenishing filler opening therein, the opening being positioned below the core and the motor chamber but above the level of the liquid in the reservoir after all the liquid in the system has been drained thereto, the portion of the system above the filler opening being normally sealed to prevent supply of replenishing liquid thereto.

23. A liquid circulating cooling system for internal combustion motors comprisin an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating chamber arranged to cool the cylinders of the motor, a heat radiator connected with the chamber arranged to cool the liquid heated by the cylinders, a reticulated core formed on the radiator throu h which air is moved for cooling the heated liquid passing therethrough, a reservoir positioned below the core and the'moto-r chamber arranged to receive all the liquid in the system after the motor has stopped, a filler passageway connected to the reservoir arranged to supply replenishing liquid to the system, the passageway having a replenishing filler opening therein, the opening being positioned below the core and the motor chamber but above the level of the liquid in the reservoir after all the liquid in the system has been drained thereto, and means controlling the flow of the liquid through the passageway arranged to permit flow of replenishing liquid to the reservoir through the filler opening but prevent backflow therefrom, the portion of the system positioned above the filler opening being normally sealed to prevent supply of replenishing liquid thereto.

24. A liquid circulating system for internal combustion motors comprising, an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating chamber arranged to cool the cylinders of the motor, a heat radiator connected with the chamber arranged to cool the liquid heated by the cylinders, a recticulated heat radiating core formed on the radiator through which air is moved for cooling the liquid passing therethrough, a reservoir positioned below the core and the motor chamber arranged to receive all the liquid in the system after the motor has stopped, a filler passageway connected to the reservoir arranged to supply replenishing liquid to the system, the passageway having a replenishing filler opening therein, the filler opening being positioned below the core and the motor chamber but above the level of the liquid in the reservoir after all the liquid in the system has been drained thereto, a valve controlling the flow of the liquid through the passageway, and means controlled by the level of the liquid in the reservoir arranged to actuate the valve for closing the passageway and prevent further entry of replenishing liquid therethrough upon a predeter mined increase in the liquid level during the addition of liquid to the system, the portion of the system positioned above the filler opening being normally sealed to prevent supply of replenishing liquid thereto. I

25. A liquid circulating coolingsystem' for internal combustion motors comprising, an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating chamber arranged to cool the cylinders of the motor, a heat radiator connected with the chamber arranged to cool the liquid heated by the motor, a reticulated heat radiating core formed on the radiator throu h which the air is moved for cooling the liqu1d passing therethrough, a reservoir positioned below the core and the motor chamber arranged to receive all the liquid in the system after the motor has stopped, a filler passageway connected to the reservoir arranged to supply replenishing liquid to the system, the passageway having a replenishing filler opening positioned below the core and the motor chamber but above the level of the liquid in the reservoir after all the liquid in the system has been drained thereto, a normally closed valve positioned adjacent the discharge end of the passageway arranged to permit flow of liquid to the reservoir but prevent back flow thereof, and a filler cap member supported by the filler opening end of the passageway for forming a heat insulating chamber therebetween and the valve.

26. The combination with an internal combustion motor including a liquid circulating system having an air cooled heat radiator arranged to cool the circulating liquid therein, of movable ventilators for controlling the flow of the air through the radiator for cooling the liquid flowing therethrough, an expandible bellows diaphragm associated with the system having one end thereof hermetically sealed, each end of the bellows diaphragm being rigidly fixed and the exterior of the diaphragm exposed to the liquid circulating in the system, a sealing member secured within the diaphragm spacedly between the ends thereof arranged to form an expandible sealed chamber within the sealed end portion of the diaphragm whereby the sealing member is moved in response to temperature change in the circulating liquid contacting with the diaphragm exterior, and means operatively connecting the sealing member and the ventilators for effecting movement of the ventilators upon movement of the sealing member, the connecting means extending throughthe end of the diaphragm oppositely to the sealed end thereof.

27. A liquid circulating system for internal combustion motors comprising, an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating chamber for cooling the motor, a heat radiator connected to the chamber for cooling the liquid heated by the motor therein, a liquid storage reservoir having a passageway connected to the motor chamber, the reservoir being positioned to drain the liquid therein by gravity into the motor chamber through the passageway, means actuated by the motor for producing a flow of heated liquid from the motor chamber to the reservoir during the operation of the motor, a valve normally closing the passageway whereby the reservoir is substantially filled as the heated liquid is sup-' plied thereto by the flow producmg means, the valve being arranged to be opened for draining the liquid from the reservoir to the motor chamber, another valve arranged to close a liquid connection between the motor chamber and the radiator for temporarily preventing flow of liquid from the chamber to radiator, and means operated. at will for simultaneously opening the reservoir valve and closin the last named valve whereb the liquid drained from the reservoir to the 0 amber will be retained therein for heating the motor cylinders before flowing to the radiator.

28. A liquid circulating cooling system for internal combustion motors: comprising, an internal combustion motor having a liquid circulating chamber for cooling the motor, a heat radiator connected to the chamber for coolin the heated liquid by movement of the liquid therethrough, a liquid storage reservoir hav-,

"ing a passageway connected to the motor chamber, the reservoir being positioned to drain all the liquid therein by gravity to the motor chamber through the passageway, pumping means actuated by the motor for producing a flow of heated liquid from the .motor chamber to the reservoir during the operation of the motor, a drain valve normally closing the passageway whereby the reservoir is substantially filled as the heated liquid is supplied thereto by the pumping means, overflow means associated with the reservoir for returning the excess liquid supplied to the reservoir upon the supply of a predetermined amount of liquid'thereto by the pumping means, and means operated at willvarran ed to open the drain valve for draining theliquid in the reservoir to the motor chamber through the assageway.

In testimony whereof I a x my signature.

OSCAR A. ROSS. 

